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Home Patrick Murphy Auto Deleveraging ADL Explained Step-by-step (no Surprises)

Auto Deleveraging ADL Explained Step-by-step (no Surprises)

If a futures platform feels 'random' under stress, the randomness is usually in definitions and fallbacks.

The mechanism: Liquidation is a path, not a single event. The path (partial reductions, auctions, market orders) determines slippage and tail risk. ADL typically appears only after the insurance buffer is stressed. Look for disclosure and predictable ranking rules.

Where it breaks: Fee design is part of risk: forced execution costs can reduce your liquidation distance, and rebates can attract toxic flow that degrades fills.

A simple test: Treat cross margin as a correlated portfolio. Correlations converge during stress, so diversification can vanish when you need it most. Example: small funding transfers compound; over several cycles they can materially shift equity and your maintenance buffer. Prefer smaller order slices before changing leverage. Size reductions often cut slippage more than a leverage tweak.

What to do next: Pitfall: treating automation as set-and-forget. Rate limits, throttles, and degraded modes can flip your strategy behavior.

Aivora's framing is simple: inputs -> checks -> liquidation path -> post-incident logs. Build around that pipeline. This is educational content about mechanics, not financial advice.

Aivora perspective

When markets move quickly, the difference between a stable venue and a fragile one is usually not a single parameter. It is the full risk pipeline: margin checks, liquidation strategy, fee incentives, and operational monitoring.

If you trade perps
Track funding and realized volatility together. Funding tends to amplify crowded positioning.
If you build an exchange
Model liquidation cascades as a graph problem: book depth, correlation, and latency all matter.
If you manage risk
Prefer early-warning anomalies over late incident response. Drift is a signal, not noise.

Quick Q&A

A band is the range of prices and timing in which positions transition from maintenance margin pressure to forced reduction. Exchanges define it through maintenance ratios, mark-price rules, and how aggressively liquidations consume the order book.
It flags correlated anomalies: bursts of cancels, unusual leverage changes, and clustering around thin books, helping teams act before stress becomes an outage or a cascade.
No. This site is educational and system-focused. You are responsible for decisions and risk management.